Mastorci F, Bastiani L, Trivellini G, Doveri C, Vassalle C, Pingitore A.
Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2020 Mar 18;18(1):77. doi: 10.1186/s12955-020-01291-6.
L’articolo recentemente pubblicato sulla rivista peer-reviewed Health and Quality of Life Outcomes descrive come la piattaforma multimediale AVATAR, mediante un approccio “sistemico”, integrato e personalizzato, abbia lo scopo di stabilire i fattori che concorrono alla determinazione del benessere anche in relazione alla prevenzione primordiale, diventando quindi un utile strumento per meglio orientare le azioni formative e didattico-organizzative della scuola, aumentare il benessere e la motivazione ad apprendere, nonché la riduzione dei comportamenti a rischio della popolazione studentesca. Tra le aree analizzate da AVATAR (Stile di Vita, Contesto Sociale, Stato Emotivo, Abilità Cognitive), le relazioni più forti intercorrono tra il Contesto Sociale, lo Stile di Vita e lo Stato Emotivo. Da un’analisi ancora più dettagliata che andava a valutare i pesi delle singole variabili nella definizione delle aree/componenti, ciò che è emerso è che l’Autonomia, le relazioni familiari, il tono dell’umore e il rendimento scolastico nelle materie letterarie, sono i fattori che più degli altri hanno un ruolo chiave nella definizione della salute e benessere negli adolescenti della Rete Ulisse.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Limited number of studies examined the relationship between factors (lifestyle, social, emotional, cognitive) affecting adolescents' health and well-being. The aims of this study were to identify the more important variables of the different components affecting adolescents' health [lifestyle habits (LH); emotional status (ES); social context (SC); and cognitive abilities (CA)], and explore the relationship between the aforementioned components.
METHODS: Data were collected between 2017 and 2018 from 756 eligible students, recruited from 5 Italian junior high school, by using KIDSCREEN-52 and cognitive processing using the Stroop Test. School engagement was estimated through questions concerning the scholastic achievement.
RESULTS: Of 756 adolescents, 395 were boys with a mean (SD) age of 12.19 (0.81) years. Compared to International T-value of reference group for KIDSCREEN-52, autonomy, bullying, psychological well-being and mood were lower than the reference groups, while self-perception score was higher. For LH, the most important predictor was autonomy (p < .0001). The most important aspects in the SC were the relationship with the parents (p < .0001), and the adolescent's relationships with peers (p < .0001). For ES, mood variables had the greatest contribution (p < .0001). The School performance related to Language & Literature (p < .0001) was the most important predictor in the CA latent variable. LH was positively associated with SC (p < .0001), ES (p < .0001), and CA (p < .0001). SC was positively associated with ES (p < .0001) and with CA (p < .0001).
CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests the importance of an integrated approach to characterize adolescents' health and well-being. The approach suggested here may highlight additive synergistic effects of the various components in health and well-being assessment that may not be considered with a late approach and focused only on single factors.
